Kungani ama-single-pass stainless steel weld esebenzisa i-FCAW ehlala ehluleka ukuhlola?UDavid Meyer noRob Koltz babhekisisa izizathu zalokhu kwehluleka.Getty Images
Q: Silungisa ama-welded steel scrapers ohlelweni lokomisa endaweni emanzi.Ama-welds ethu ahlulekile ukuhlolwa ngenxa ye-porosity, ama-undercuts nama-welds aqhekekile.Sishisela i-A514 kuya ku-A36 sisebenzisa ububanzi obungu-0.045″, yonke indawo, i-cored 309L, 75% Argon/ I-25% yegesi ye-Carbon Dioxide yokumelana kangcono nokugqokwa.
Sazama ama-electrode ensimbi ye-carbon steel, kodwa ama-welds aguga ngokushesha futhi sathola insimbi engagqwali ukuthi isebenze kangcono.Konke ukushisela kwenziwa endaweni eyisicaba, ama-intshi angu-3/8.Ngenxa yemikhawulo yesikhathi, konke ukushisela kwenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.Yini kungabangela ukuthi ama-welds ethu ahluleke?
I-undercut ivamise ukwenzeka ngenxa yokuphuma kwezimiso zokushisela, indlela yokushisela engafanele, noma kokubili.Asikwazi ukuphawula ngamapharamitha wokushisela ngoba asiwazi.Ama-undercuts avela ku-1F ngokuvamile abangelwa ukusebenza kwe-weld puddle noma ngokushesha kakhulu noma isivinini sokuhamba esinensa kakhulu.
Njengoba umshiseli ezama ukufaka idiphozi engu-3/8″. Amathuba okuphatha ithoshi ngokweqile angase abe nesibopho ngokuyingxenye yokushisela i-single-pass fillet ngocingo olune-diameter encane eshintshwayo. Nokho, kubonakala sengathi kusetshenziswa ithuluzi elingalungile emsebenzini udaba lobuchwepheshe, yingakho.
I-porosity ibangelwa ukungcola kokushisela, ukulahlekelwa noma ukweqisa kwegesi evikelayo, noma ukumuncwa komswakama ngokweqile kwentambo ene-flux-cored. Usho ukuthi lona umsebenzi wokulungisa imidiya emanzi ngaphakathi kwesomisi, ngakho-ke uma amashisela engahlanzwa kahle. , lokhu kungase kube imbangela eyinhloko ye-voids.
I-filler metal oyisebenzisayo iwucingo olunama-position flux cored, lezi zinhlobo zezintambo zinesistimu ye-slag eqandayo esheshayo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kusekelwe i-weld puddle lapho ishiselwa phezulu noma phezulu. Ububi be-slag esheshayo eqandayo ukuthi iqina ngaphambi i-weld pool ngaphansi kwayo.Uma amagesi esakhishwa, ngokuvamile ayavaleleka futhi avele kamuva ngesimo sezimbotshana noma amathrekhi e-surface worm. weld ngephasi eyodwa, njengakuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza.
Ukuqhekeka kwe-weld ekuqaleni nasekumisweni kwe-weld kungabangelwa izizathu eziningi.Njengoba ubeka ubuhlalu obukhulu obunocingo oluncane oluyi-diameter, kungenzeka ube nokuhlangana okunganele (LOF) empandeni ye-weld. ukuqhekeka kuyinto evamile ngenxa yokucindezeleka okuphezulu kwe-weld eyinsalela kanye ne-LOF empandeni.
Kulo sayizi wezintambo, kufanele usebenzise amaphasi amabili noma amathathu ukuze uqedele u-3/8 we-inch.I-Fillet welds, akekho.Ungakuthola kushesha ukwenza ama-welds angenasici kunokwenza i-weld eyodwa enesici bese kufanele lungisa.
Kodwa-ke, enye inkinga engase ibambe iqhaza elikhulu ekuqhekekeni kwe-weld izinga elingalungile le-ferrite ekushiseni, okuvame ukuba yimbangela eyinhloko yokuqhekeka.309L wire yathuthukiswa ukuze kushiselwe insimbi engagqwali ku-carbon steel kune-carbon steel to carbon steel. .Ikhemikhali ye-weld ethile yalo mkhiqizo iphinde icabangele okunye ukuhlanjululwa kwensimbi okuyisisekelo kuzo zombili izinsimbi eziyisisekelo.Ngakho-ke, ekusetshenzisweni kwensimbi engagqwali kuya kukhabhoni, amanye ama-alloys aphuma ensimbi engagqwali asiza ukulinganisa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali futhi akhiqize amanani amukelekayo e-ferrite. i-filler metal ene-ferrite engaba ngu-50%, efana ne-312 noma i-2209, izoqeda amathuba okuqhekeka ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-ferrite.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlinzeka ukumelana nokugqokwa okuhle kakhulu ukushisela ilunga nge-carbon ejwayelekile noma i-electrode yensimbi engagqwali bese wengeza ungqimba lwe-electrode engaphezulu. Nokho, ushilo ukuthi ubungaphansi kwemikhawulo yesikhathi ebambene kakhulu nokuthi noma iyiphi i-multi-pass welding isimo sasingaphandle kombuzo.
Zama ukuguqulela kuntambo yobubanzi obukhulu, efana ne-intshi engu-1/16 noma ngaphezulu. Ukusebenzisa intambo ene-gas-shielded flux-cored kuhle ngoba kunikeza ukuhlanzwa kwe-weld okungcono kanye nokuvikela ukugeleza komoya okungcono kunezintambo ezingenazintambo. intambo enendawo yonke, intambo eyisicaba kuphela futhi evundlile inganciphisa ukuqina noma ukulandelela izikelemu. Kufanele futhi uguqule insimbi yokugcwalisa isuke ku-309L iye ku-312 noma ku-2209.
I-WELDER, eyayaziwa ngokuthi i-Practical Welding Today, ibonisa abantu bangempela abenza imikhiqizo esiyisebenzisayo nesisebenza ngayo nsuku zonke.Lo magazini ususebenzele umphakathi wokushisela eNyakatho Melika iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20.
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