IMercedes-Benz, imoto yokuqala eyaziwayo ngokusemthethweni enenjini kaphethiloli, yazalwa ngo-1886. Le moto yazalwa ezandleni zomsunguli waseJalimane uKarl Benz (yebo, iBenz efanayo evela kuMercedes-Benz). Lolu guquko lwezimboni belungeke lwenzeke ngeMercedes-Benz ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-arc welding, eyadalwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, izimboni zezimoto kanye nezokushisela zaxhunyaniswa unomphela, njengezingqwembe ezimbili zensimbi ezifakwe izinqe kusetshenziswa inqubo ye-TIG.
Sidlula esikhathini esithakazelisayo lapho imishini yokushisela yenza intuthuko enkulu phambili. — Greg Coleman
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, abantu bekwazi ukuhlanganisa izinsimbi besebenzisa izindlela zokwenziwa zakudala nezinzima ezihilela ukushisa nokuthinta izinsimbi kuze kube yilapho zihlangana. Ngawo-1860, indoda yaseNgilandi egama layo linguWilde yaqala ukuhlanganisa izinsimbi ngamabomu isebenzisa ukushisela ngogesi. Ngo-1865, yafaka ilungelo lobunikazi lenqubo "ye-electric arc", engazange ithande ososayensi kwaze kwaba ngu-1881, lapho yenza khona izibani zasemgwaqweni ezine-carbon arc. Lapho i-genie isiphelile ebhodleleni, kwakungasekho ukubuyela emuva, futhi izinkampani ezifana neLincoln Electric zangena ebhizinisini lokushisela ngo-1907.
USepthemba 1927 - Ipayipi likaRamkin Hodge Lilungiselela ukubeka umkhawulo wokugcina wokuxhumeka kwensimbi kuya kwesikhwama salo mbhobho wegesi yemvelo ongu-8 intshi othwala igesi yemvelo ukusuka eRamkin, eLouisiana, ukuya eHodge, eLouisiana. Lalingenye yamapayipi amakhulu okuqala ukushintshwa nge-arc futhi kwasetshenziswa imishini kaLincoln kuphela kulo msebenzi.
Inkampani iLincoln Electric Company yaseCleveland, e-Ohio yaqala ukwenza ama-motor kagesi ngo-1895. Ngo-1907, iLincoln Electric yayisikhile umshini wokuqala wokushisela we-DC olawulwa yi-voltage. Umsunguli uJohn S. Lincoln wasungula inkampani ngotshalomali lwamaRandi angu-200 ukuze akhiqize ama-motor kagesi aklanywe ngendlela yakhe.
1895: UJohn C. Lincoln wasungula iLincoln Electric Company ukuze akhiqize futhi adayise ama-motor kagesi aklanywe ngaye.
1917: Isikole iLincoln Electric Welding sasungulwa. Selokhu sasungulwa ngo-1917, lesi sikole sesiqeqeshe abafundi abangaphezu kwe-100,000.
1933: I-Lincoln Electric Company yashicilela uhlelo lokuqala lwe-Arc Welding Design and Manual Process Manual ukuze ivumele amakhasimende ukuthi asebenzise i-arc welding ngempumelelo. Namuhla ibhekwa njenge-"Bible of Welding".
1977: Kwavulwa isitshalo se-electrode eMentor, e-Ohio, e-USA ukuze kukhiqizwe izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokukhiqiza ucingo.
2005: I-Lincoln Electric ithola i-JW Harris Corporation, umholi womhlaba kwezokudayisela, ukuze yandise amakhono enkampani okuxazulula izixazululo futhi igcwalise umugqa wayo oyinhloko womkhiqizo.
Umfowabo omncane kaJohn C., uJames F. Lincoln, wajoyina inkampani njengomthengisi ngo-1907, ngaleso sikhathi umkhiqizo wawusunwetshwe waze wafaka amashaja ezimoto kagesi. Ngo-1909, abazalwane baseLincoln bakha okokuqala isethi yemishini yokushisela. Ngo-1911, iLincoln Electric yethula umshini wokushisela we-AC wokuqala ophathwayo emhlabeni.
UGreg Coleman, inhloko yezokuxhumana kwezokumaketha yeLincoln Electric, uchaze umehluko phakathi kwabazalwane ababili baseLincoln. “UJohn C. ungunjiniyela kanye nomsunguli onolwazi olukhulu ekuthuthukisweni kukagesi eCleveland. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uJames F. ungumthengisi ozelwe enobungane owadlalela iqembu lebhola lezinyawo lase-Ohio State elinganqotshwanga. Ungukaputeni weqembu lesibili.” Nakuba abazalwane bengase bahluke ngobuntu babo, babelana ngomoya wobubhizinisi.
Enquma ukugxila ocwaningweni lwesayensi, uJohn S. Lincoln wanikeza umfowabo omncane uJames F. Lincoln ukulawula inkampani ngo-1914. Cishe ngokushesha, uJames F. wethula umsebenzi omncane futhi wasungula ikomidi lokweluleka labasebenzi, elalihlanganisa abameleli abakhethiwe abavela emnyangweni ngamunye, futhi lihlangane njalo emavikini amabili kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Ngo-1915, ngendlela eqhubekayo ngaleso sikhathi, abasebenzi beLincoln Electric babhaliswa ohlelweni lomshuwalense wokuphila weqembu. ILincoln Electric yayingenye yezinkampani zokuqala ukunikeza izinzuzo zabasebenzi kanye namabhonasi okukhuthaza.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka, i-Ohio yayiyindawo yosomabhizinisi bezimoto abadumile. Kusukela ku-Grant Motor Company kanye ne-Standard Oil kuya ku-Allen Motor Company, i-Willis Company, i-Templar Motor Company, i-Studebaker-Garford, i-Arrow Cyclecar kanye ne-Sandusky Motor Company, i-Ohio yabonakala iyisikhungo sezimoto ekuqaleni kwawo-1900. Ngokufika kwemboni yezimoto, yonke imikhiqizo yezimboni isiza ukusekela nokukhulisa ibhizinisi lezimoto elisanda kuvela.
Ngisho neminyaka engama-69 eyedlule, abashiseli babenesithakazelo ezigqokweni ezinezithombe ezibukhali. Bheka lesi sigqoko esihle se-“Voodoo” sango-1944.
UJames F. Lincoln wayazi ukuthi abafundisi babezohlala isikhathi eside kubashiseli besikhathi esizayo. “Wayefuna abashiseli abaqeqeshiwe bakhumbule igama likaLincoln ndawana thile,” kusho uColeman. Ukudalwa kweLincoln Electric Welding School kwakuyisiqalo senqubo yemfundo. Kusukela ngo-2010, abantu abangaphezu kuka-100,000 baqeqeshwe ekushiseleni ebhizinisini.
“UJames Lincoln wayengumuntu onemibono yangempela,” kusho uColeman. “Wabhala izincwadi ezintathu futhi wabeka isisekelo sezimiso zokuphatha izikhuthazo ezisekhona nanamuhla.”
Ngaphezu komsebenzi wakhe wokuphatha kanye nowezemfundo, uJames Lincoln ungumholi okhuthaza isiko lenkampani elilalela ukukhathazeka kwabasebenzi. "Sihlala sisebenzela ukunciphisa imfucuza, ukunciphisa izindleko kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwabo bonke ababandakanyeka kuLincoln Electric. Iningi lale mibono livela kubasebenzi bethu. Ngisho nanamuhla, isikhathi eside ngemva kokuhamba kwabafowethu baseLincoln, sisakha indawo lapho ukukhathazeka kwabasebenzi kuvezwa futhi kwamukelwe khona."
Njengokujwayelekile, iLincoln Electric ihambisana nokushintsha kobuso bokushisela, iqhubekisela phambili indlela yokufunda. Ukuqeqeshwa sekuyingxenye ebalulekile yephothifoliyo yeLincoln. “Eminyakeni engaba yisithupha kuya kweyisishiyagalombili edlule, sasebenza nenkampani ye-virtual reality ukudala indawo enembile yokulingisa lokho okwakuzokwenzeka lapho kushiselwa. I-VRTEX virtual reality arc welding simulator ilingisa ngokunembile ukubukeka nomsindo wokushisela.”
Ngokusho kukaColeman, “Uhlelo lukuvumela ukuthi uhlole i-weld. Lulinganisa i-engeli, isivinini kanye nokufinyelela ukuze kuhlolwe i-weld. Konke lokhu kwenziwa ngaphandle kokuchitha izinto ezisetshenziswayo. Akusadingeki ngesikhathi sokuzijwayeza. Ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi eluhlaza, igesi kanye nocingo lokushisela.”
I-Lincoln Electric itusa ukuqeqeshwa kwe-virtual reality njengokwengeza ekuqeqeshweni kwangempela esitolo sokushisela noma endaweni yokusebenza futhi akufanele kubhekwe njengokufaka esikhundleni sezindlela zokuqeqesha zendabuko.
NgoMeyi 1939, i-Exhibitor Services yasePittsburgh, ePennsylvania yathenga iLincoln SA-150. Lapha, u-welder usebenza ohlakeni olungamamitha angu-20 olutholwe elolini elalishile. Inkampani yathi i-SA-150 yazikhokhela ngesonto layo lokuqala ezitolo.
Izinhlelo ze-VRTEX zisetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi kanye nezimboni eziningi ezahlukene endaweni yamanje njengendlela yokonga imali ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa. UColeman uchaze ukuthi le divayisi ayigcini nje ngokufunda izinqubo ezahlukene zokushisela, kodwa futhi ihlola abashiseli. “Lesi simiso singasetshenziswa futhi ukuhlola ukuthi umshiseli unekhono yini ezinqubweni ezahlukene zokushisela. Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa noma yiziphi izinsiza, inkampani ingahlola ukuthi umshiseli angakwenza yini lokho akushoyo.”
I-Lincoln Electric isebenza ekushiseni i-arc, futhi “lokho ngeke kushintshe,” kusho uColeman. “Sizoqhubeka nokwandisa amakhono ethu okushiseni i-arc kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo.”
“Sihilelekile ezinqubweni eziningi zakamuva, njengokushisela i-fiber optic hybrid laser, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo zokushisela kugcinwa khona kule nqubo,” kuchaza uColeman. Izingxenye ezintsha enqubweni yokukhiqiza ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kwazo nokuklwebheka zingasetshenziswa futhi ukulungisa izindawo ezigugile.”
Ngaphezu kwenqubo yokushisela nge-laser, uColeman uphinde wakhuluma nathi ngomsebenzi wenkampani ekusikeni insimbi. “Sesithenge izinto ezithile eziqinile njengeTorchmate. Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30, izinhlelo zokusika ze-CNC zeTorchmate zihlinzeke ngamatafula okusika e-plasma e-CNC angabizi kanye nezinye izixazululo zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela kubakhiqizi emhlabeni jikelele.”
ILincoln Electric nayo yathenga iHarris Thermal ngawo-1990. IHarris Calorific iyiphayona ekushiseleni nasekusikeni igesi. Le nkampani yasungulwa nguJohn Harris, indoda eyathola indlela yokusika nokushisela nge-oxyacetylene. “Ngakho-ke sibheka nokuqeqeshwa kokusika insimbi,” kusho uColeman. “Enye yezinto esizithengile muva nje yiBurny Kaliburn, umenzi wezinhlelo zokusika i-plasma ezinembile kakhulu,” enezela. “Njengamanje, singanikeza ukusika ilangabi, ukusika i-plasma ngesandla, izinhlelo ze-CNC zedeskithophu, izinhlelo ze-plasma ezinencazelo ephezulu kanye nezinhlelo zokusika nge-laser.”
“Sidlula esikhathini esithakazelisayo ngenxa yentuthuko enkulu emishinini yokushisela,” kusho uColeman. “Imishini ishintshiwe kusukela ohlelweni olusekelwe ku-transformer/rectifier kuya ohlelweni olusekelwe ku-inverter lwezinqubo eziningi ezinama-waveform ahlukene,” enezela. “Ukusetshenziswa kwesofthiwe ukwenza ngcono izici ze-arc ye-aluminium GMAW kuthathwe kwaya ezingeni elisha eLincoln Electric ngalokho esikubiza ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokulawula ama-waveform,” enezela.
Abakhiqizi abaningi abangochwepheshe bakhetha i-arc ethandwayo yohlelo lokusebenza ngokushintsha izici zokushaya kwenhliziyo noma ukuma kwamagagasi komshini. I-Chip Foose ilapha ukuzobonisa ikhamera.
“Izinga elilandelayo” uColeman abhekisela kulo ubuchwepheshe bukaLincoln Electric, obuvumela izinhlelo zokushisela ukuthi ziqonde ukuthi umsebenzisi noma umqashi ucabangani ngokushisela kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwesicelo esithile.
“Umshini unganquma ngqo ukuthi yini umsebenzisi ayibheka njenge-weld eyamukelekayo, bese uhlola i-weld ngokusekelwe kulwazi olunikezwe ngumsebenzisi,” kuchaza uColeman.
Lobu buchwepheshe bokulawula i-waveform kanye nesethingi "echazwe ngumsebenzisi" obunikezayo kungatholakala kusofthiwe eyakhelwe ku-Lincoln Power Wave Inverter Power Supplies. I-Power Wave iyatholakala ngama-waveform ahlelwe ngaphambilini okushisela i-aluminium, noma onjiniyela bangakha ama-waveform abo besebenzisa isofthiwe ye-Lincoln Wave Designer. Lawa ma-waveform akhiqizwe yi-PC angahlelwa ku-Power Wave.
Esikhathini esidlule, ukulawula ubude bewavelength kwakungeyona inkinga noma inketho ngaso sonke isikhathi. Umfana omncane ubukele njengoba uyise (uJohn Taylor) elungiselela ukulungiswa ngomshini wakhe wokushisela igesi epulazini likaLawrence nelikaJohn Taylor ngoDisemba 1949.
Ikhono lokulawula nokulawula i-waveform livumela abashiseli ukuthi balungise ama-alloy ensimbi ahlukene ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuqinile kwe-weld. “Lokhu akulona neze i-Lincoln Electric welder yokuqala eyayilingana ne-Pinto futhi isebenzisa i-electrode eqinile engenalutho,” kusho uColeman.
Imishini yokusika i-plasma ye-Lincoln Electric i-Tomahawk iyingxenye ebalulekile yentuthuko yakamuva ekwakhiweni nasekusikeni kwensimbi.
Ukuphathwa kwe-waveform kungaba nomthelela obikezelwayo esivinini sokuhamba, ukubonakala kokugcina kobuhlalu bokushisela, ukuhlanzwa kwangemva kokushisela, kanye namazinga omusi wokushisela. Isibonelo, ku-substrate encane ye-aluminium engu-0.035-intshi, abasebenzisi bangasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-Waveform ukunciphisa ukufakwa kokushisa, ukunciphisa ukuphambuka, ukuqeda ukuchitheka, ukususa imivimbo ebandayo, nokuqeda ukusha. Lokhu kwenziwe ngokuphindaphindiwe ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezingazuza ku-GMAW eshukunyiswayo. Izinhlelo zokushisela zingadalelwa uhla oluthile kakhulu lwesivinini sokuphakelwa kwentambo kanye nemisinga, noma zingaklanywa ukuze zisebenze nobubanzi obukhulu kakhulu bobukhulu bezinto kanye nobubanzi obukhulu besivinini sokuphakelwa kwentambo.
Yenza ukugoba okungu-12 intshi. Amapayipi egesi yemvelo ensimini ye-KMA eWichita Falls, eTexas, ngo-Okthoba 1938. Umsebenzi wenziwa endaweni yokuwela umfula ukuze kuqoqwe uhlelo lokuqoqa amanzi phakathi kwemithombo ethile kanye nesitshalo sokuqhekeka kwe-Phillips Oil.
I-Techalloy, enye inkampani engaphansi kwe-Lincoln Electric, isekelwe eMaryland futhi ikhiqiza izinto zokushisa ze-nickel alloy kanye nensimbi engagqwali zezinhlelo zokukhipha ugesi ezimotweni, ukuvikelwa kokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokugqwala ezimbonini zamakhemikhali nezemithi, kanye nokugcinwa nokulungiswa embonini kawoyela negesi. . Imikhiqizo yenkampani ibhekwa njengendinganiso yemboni yokukhiqizwa kukagesi kanye nezicelo zenuzi. I-Techalloy igcina isikhundla sayo esiphambili njengomhlinzeki wezinto eziqinile zezitshalo zikagesi. Njengoba abenzi bezimoto bephendukela kwezinye izinhlobo zensimbi noma ezintsha, i-Techalloy yethule imikhiqizo emisha ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokushisela zabakhiqizi.
Ama-alloy ensimbi ahlukene anezakhiwo eziningi ezikhangayo, okwenza i-alloy ngayinye ibe ukukhetha okuhle kwezicelo ezahlukene, yize ingashintshwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngokuqonda okujulile nge-metallurgy kanye namathuluzi nobuchwepheshe bamuva emakethe, wonke ama-alloy ensimbi angacutshungulwa ngempumelelo. I-Lincoln Electric isiza abashiseli ukuthi bahlale phambili kwezobuchwepheshe ngemishini ebuyekeziwe kanye nezindlela zakamuva zokuqeqesha. Lezi zimiso eziyisisekelo zokusebenza ne-Lincoln Electric kusukela ekuqaleni zihlala ziyizici eziqhuba inkampani namuhla.
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